Bilingual Cognitive Advantage by Domain (Effect Size, vs. Monolinguals)
Relative effect size across 152 studies. Psychological Bulletin meta-analysis (2019); CUHK Bilingualism Centre.
A 2019 meta-analysis of 152 studies in Psychological Bulletin found bilingual children showed consistent advantages in executive function, metalinguistic awareness, and theory of mind—but only when actively using both languages.